Ketorolac tromethamine tablets, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug NSAID, are indicated for the short-term up to 5 days in adults , management of moderately severe acute pain that requires analgesia at the opioid level . It is recommended for moderate to severe pain. It is used by mouth, by injection into a vein or muscle, as eye drops. Effects begin within an hour and last for up to eight hours. Indications⇛ Rheumatoid arthritis⇛ Osteoarthritis ⇛ Menstrual disorders ⇛ Headaches ⇛ Ankylosing spondylitis Mechanism of ActionThe primary mechanism of action responsible for ketorolac's anti-inflammatory, antipyretic and analgesic effects is the inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis by competitive blocking of the enzyme cyclooxygenase COX. Ketorolac is a non-selective COX inhibitor. It is considered a first-generation NSAID.PharmacokineticsKetorolac tromethamine is 100% absorbed after oral administration . Oral administration of ketorolac tromethamine after a high-fat meal resulted in decreased peak and delayed time-to-peak concentrations of ketorolac tromethamine by about 1 hour. Antacids did not affect the extent of absorption.Distribution: The mean apparent volume (V ß) of ketorolac tromethamine following complete distribution was approx 13 liters. This parameter was determined from single-dose data. Plasma concentrations as high as 10 mcg/mL will only occupy approximately 5% of the albumin binding sites.A decrease in serum albumin, will result in increased free drug concentrations.Ketorolac tromethamine is excreted in human milk. Metabolism: Ketorolac tromethamine is largely metabolized in the liver. The metabolic products are hydroxylated and conjugated forms of the parent drug. The products of metabolism are excreted in the urine. Excretion: The principal route of elimination of ketorolac and its metabolites is renal. About 92% of a given dose is found in the urine, approximately 40% as metabolites and 60% as unchanged ketorolac. Approximately 6% of a dose is excreted in the feces. The half-life of the ketorolac tromethamine S-enantiomer is approx. 2.5 hours compared with 5 hours for the R-enantiomer. Side Effects⇛ Diarrhoea⇛ Dizziness ⇛ Headache ⇛ Nausea ⇛ Abdominal cramps ⇛ Irritation ⇛ Drowsiness Contraindications⇛ Contraindicated in chronic heart failure⇛ Contraindicated in haemorrhage in brain Disclaimer:The data uploaded is made from content already available on internet.The company holds no right of it and is not responsible for any wrong information. |
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